Which term refers to the tactical approach that concentrates on specific problem areas?

The term that most accurately describes a tactical approach concentrating on specific problem areas is "directed enforcement." This strategy involves focused policing efforts directed at specific locations or types of crimes that have been identified as problematic. Law enforcement agencies often use data analysis and intelligence to determine where enforcement should be concentrated, thereby efficiently allocating resources to address particular issues in the community.

In contrast, the other terms reflect different policing strategies that are broader or distinct in nature. Preventative enforcement refers generally to efforts aimed at preventing crime before it occurs, without necessarily targeting specific areas. Targeted patrol might imply a similar focus but lacks the specific framing of "enforcement," which emphasizes actions taken against identified criminal activities. Proactive policing is a philosophy that encourages police to anticipate and prevent crime through community engagement and partnerships, rather than focusing on specific criminal hotspots. Thus, while all terms represent important policing concepts, directed enforcement best encapsulates the approach of focusing on specific problem areas.