Which of the following is NOT one of the five elements of a crime?

The five elements of a crime generally include: the act itself (actus reus), the intent behind the act (mens rea), the circumstantial context (which can include location), causation between the act and the harm caused, and sometimes, a specific result or injury that follows the act.

Witnesses, while they can provide critical testimony in a case, do not constitute a necessary element of the crime itself. They aid in building the case but are not defined components that establish whether a crime has occurred. On the other hand, date, location, and intent are all crucial aspects—date provides temporal context, location establishes jurisdiction and relevance, and intent reflects the mental state necessary to fulfill the crime's definitions.

Thus, identifying witnesses as not being one of the five elements demonstrates an understanding of the foundational legal structure surrounding criminal activity.