Which of the following best illustrates interpersonal racism?

Interpersonal racism refers to the prejudiced attitudes and behaviors that individuals hold and express toward others based on race, often manifesting in personal interactions or relationships. Choosing personal biases that affect relationships directly captures this concept, as it highlights how individual beliefs and prejudices can influence interactions between people.

This encompasses actions such as discrimination, microaggressions, or any negative treatment toward someone because of their race, impacting social dynamics on a personal level. By focusing specifically on personal biases, the choice emphasizes the day-to-day implications of racism as it plays out in interpersonal contexts.

In contrast, choices like institutional policy affecting a school or public demonstrations of racial hatred relate more to structural and societal expressions of racism, which are not strictly interpersonal. Unconscious societal norms involve broader cultural understandings and assumptions that may not influence direct interactions in the same way. Understanding these distinctions is essential in identifying the nature of different types of racism.