What are the three key elements of conspiracy in criminal law?

The correct answer highlights that conspiracy in criminal law involves two or more individuals agreeing to commit a crime, alongside the necessity of an overt act completed by at least one of them. This definition encapsulates the fundamental principles of conspiracy: the agreement to engage in criminal activity is essential, but the law also requires evidence of action towards that crime, demonstrating that the conspirators are serious about their plan.

This aspect of conspiracy underscores the collective intention behind criminal behavior. The overt act serves as a critical indication that the conspiracy is not merely an idle agreement but has moved into the realm of actionable intent. This is vital for distinguishing conspiracy from mere discussions or intentions that do not materialize into any concrete plans or actions.

The other options do not accurately reflect the legal components of conspiracy. For instance, the notion that one person can commit a crime alone contradicts the very concept of conspiracy, which inherently involves multiple parties. The requirement for all conspirators to be arrested or for a written agreement to exist also misrepresents the law, as neither is a prerequisite for establishing a conspiracy. Thus, the importance of agreement and overt acts stands central to the definition of conspiracy in criminal law.